Trend-Following Backtester · Guide · backtest 한국어

equity · DE

Heidelberg Materials AG backtest

10 trend-following strategies were compared on the full daily history of Heidelberg Materials AG. 7 beat buy-and-hold CAGR; 볼린저 밴드 돌파 ranks first by Sharpe, matching the main backtester. The return/drawdown alternative is 볼린저 밴드 돌파 (CAGR 4.4%, MDD -25.7%).

Data 1998-07-27 ~ 2026-07-31daily bars 7,167 (28.0 years)Costs 0.5%Venue XETRMonthly snapshot 2026-07-31

Results by strategy

7 of 10 beat buy and hold (CAGR 2.9%, drawdown -83.3%).

Sharpe leader (same as main): 볼린저 밴드 돌파 — CAGR 4.4%, MDD -25.7%, Sharpe 0.48, 10% exposure.

CAGR reference leader: SMA 크로스오버 — CAGR 8.7%, MDD -52.2%, exposure 55%.

Return/drawdown alternative: 볼린저 밴드 돌파 — CAGR is 1.6%p higher than buy and hold, while drawdown improves by 57.6%p (CAGR 4.4%, MDD -25.7%, exposure 10%).

The alternative must retain 75% of buy-and-hold CAGR, improve drawdown by at least 20% and 5 percentage points, and stay below 95% exposure; the ranking weights return retention 60% and drawdown improvement 40%.

Strategy · parametersCAGRMDDSharpeCalmarTotalTradesExposure
볼린저 밴드 돌파
n=54, k=3.2
4.4%-25.7%0.480.173.4x1810%
SMA 크로스오버
fast=22, slow=52
8.7%-52.2%0.460.1710.3x13455%
EMA 크로스오버
fast=26, slow=116
8.1%-48.7%0.450.178.8x5857%
Donchian 채널 돌파
entryN=44, exitN=45
7.4%-45.4%0.410.167.4x6855%
ADX / DI 방향성
period=36, threshold=22
3.5%-26.7%0.410.132.6x3810%
ROC 모멘텀
n=135, threshold=-0.03
6.3%-68.2%0.380.095.6x17461%
Keltner 채널 돌파
emaPeriod=60, atrPeriod=8, mult=1.4
3.9%-56.3%0.280.072.9x19246%
Supertrend
period=36, mult=3
1.6%-78.4%0.190.021.6x21054%
Parabolic SAR
step=0.005, maxStep=0.22
0.8%-71.0%0.150.011.2x25054%
MACD
fast=19, slow=54, signal=19
-1.7%-66.5%0.06-0.030.6x30251%
Buy and hold2.9%-83.3%0.260.032.2x1100%
1x 10x 1999 2003 2007 2011 2015 2019 2023 SMA 크로스오버볼린저 밴드 돌파Buy and hold
볼린저 밴드 돌파 (Sharpe leader), SMA 크로스오버 (CAGR reference), Buy and hold.
0% -21% -42% -62% -83% 1999 2003 2007 2011 2015 2019 2023 Buy and holdSMA 크로스오버볼린저 밴드 돌파
볼린저 밴드 돌파 maximum drawdown -25.7% (2013-03-20 → 2016-11-18), recovered after 4,368 days.

Rules of the top strategy

Breaking above the upper band (average plus a multiple of volatility) signals a strong move up.

Method and caveats

Past performance does not guarantee future returns. Parameters were selected on the same full-history sample using sharpe over 40 trials per strategy, so results contain in-sample bias. 0.5% trading costs are included; taxes, slippage and rejected orders are not.
Re-run the same setupAll asset reports

Read next