Trend-Following Backtester · Guide · backtest 한국어

equity · GB

Keller Group plc backtest

10 trend-following strategies were compared on the full daily history of Keller Group plc. 7 beat buy-and-hold CAGR; SMA 크로스오버 ranks first by Sharpe, matching the main backtester. The return/drawdown alternative is SMA 크로스오버 (CAGR 14.1%, MDD -50.7%).

Data 1994-04-25 ~ 2026-07-31daily bars 8,250 (32.3 years)Costs 0.5%Venue LSEMonthly snapshot 2026-07-31

Results by strategy

7 of 10 beat buy and hold (CAGR 10.2%, drawdown -79.6%).

Sharpe leader (same as main): SMA 크로스오버 — CAGR 14.1%, MDD -50.7%, Sharpe 0.66, 58% exposure.

Return/drawdown alternative: SMA 크로스오버 — CAGR is 3.8%p higher than buy and hold, while drawdown improves by 28.9%p (CAGR 14.1%, MDD -50.7%, exposure 58%).

The alternative must retain 75% of buy-and-hold CAGR, improve drawdown by at least 20% and 5 percentage points, and stay below 95% exposure; the ranking weights return retention 60% and drawdown improvement 40%.

Strategy · parametersCAGRMDDSharpeCalmarTotalTradesExposure
SMA 크로스오버
fast=3, slow=53
14.1%-50.7%0.660.2869.6x22358%
Parabolic SAR
step=0.03, maxStep=0.06
12.4%-60.6%0.610.2042.9x48253%
Donchian 채널 돌파
entryN=18, exitN=40
13.5%-66.9%0.600.2059.7x11969%
MACD
fast=31, slow=52, signal=25
11.7%-60.4%0.580.1935.8x21551%
Supertrend
period=28, mult=1.7
11.6%-70.2%0.580.1634.1x37053%
ROC 모멘텀
n=33, threshold=-0.03
12.3%-62.9%0.570.2042.0x34966%
EMA 크로스오버
fast=10, slow=33
10.9%-64.6%0.550.1728.5x21958%
ADX / DI 방향성
period=39, threshold=8
9.7%-59.2%0.500.1619.7x28057%
볼린저 밴드 돌파
n=14, k=0.9
8.6%-68.7%0.480.1314.3x60043%
Keltner 채널 돌파
emaPeriod=53, atrPeriod=13, mult=1.1
8.2%-70.2%0.460.1212.7x21550%
Buy and hold10.2%-79.6%0.450.1323.1x1100%
1x 10x 1995 1999 2003 2007 2011 2015 2019 2023 SMA 크로스오버Buy and hold
SMA 크로스오버: Solid strategy line versus dashed buy-and-hold line. Log scale.
0% -20% -40% -60% -80% 1995 1999 2003 2007 2011 2015 2019 2023 Buy and holdSMA 크로스오버
SMA 크로스오버 maximum drawdown -50.7% (2013-07-22 → 2017-10-03), recovered after 3,913 days.

Rules of the top strategy

When the short average rises above the long average, it reads that as an uptrend starting.

Method and caveats

Past performance does not guarantee future returns. Parameters were selected on the same full-history sample using sharpe over 40 trials per strategy, so results contain in-sample bias. 0.5% trading costs are included; taxes, slippage and rejected orders are not.
Re-run the same setupAll asset reports

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