Trend-Following Backtester · Guide · backtest 한국어

equity · GB

Prudential plc backtest

10 trend-following strategies were compared on the full daily history of Prudential plc. 0 beat buy-and-hold CAGR; ROC 모멘텀 ranks first by Sharpe, matching the main backtester. Its 99% market exposure makes it hold-like.

Data 1988-07-01 ~ 2026-07-31daily bars 9,766 (38.1 years)Costs 0.5%Venue LSEMonthly snapshot 2026-07-31

Results by strategy

0 of 10 beat buy and hold (CAGR 5.5%, drawdown -82.4%).

Sharpe leader (same as main): ROC 모멘텀 — CAGR 2.4%, MDD -90.4%, Sharpe 0.25, 99% exposure. With at least 95% exposure, it should be treated as hold-like, not strong evidence of timing skill.

CAGR reference leader: SMA 크로스오버 — CAGR 3.0%, MDD -66.8%, exposure 58%.

No strategy retained at least 75% of buy-and-hold CAGR while reducing drawdown by both 20% relatively and 5 percentage points absolutely.

The alternative must retain 75% of buy-and-hold CAGR, improve drawdown by at least 20% and 5 percentage points, and stay below 95% exposure; the ranking weights return retention 60% and drawdown improvement 40%.

Strategy · parametersCAGRMDDSharpeCalmarTotalTradesExposure
ROC 모멘텀
Hold-like · Exposure 99%
n=4, threshold=-0.11
2.4%-90.4%0.250.032.5x11599%
SMA 크로스오버
fast=40, slow=210
3.0%-66.8%0.240.053.1x5658%
EMA 크로스오버
fast=49, slow=174
2.5%-62.9%0.220.042.5x5660%
ADX / DI 방향성
period=39, threshold=29
0.4%-5.8%0.190.071.2x21%
Donchian 채널 돌파
entryN=114, exitN=105
1.2%-71.1%0.180.021.6x4262%
볼린저 밴드 돌파
n=25, k=3.4
-0.4%-22.2%-0.06-0.020.9x121%
Supertrend
period=33, mult=5
-4.3%-89.2%-0.07-0.050.2x18152%
MACD
fast=43, slow=69, signal=39
-6.5%-95.4%-0.13-0.070.1x24152%
Keltner 채널 돌파
emaPeriod=59, atrPeriod=25, mult=3.4
-3.6%-83.2%-0.17-0.040.2x12425%
Parabolic SAR
step=0.015, maxStep=0.16
-14.9%-99.9%-0.48-0.150.0x70553%
Buy and hold5.5%-82.4%0.330.077.6x1100%
1x 10x 1989 1994 1999 2004 2009 2014 2019 2024 SMA 크로스오버ROC 모멘텀Buy and hold
ROC 모멘텀 (Sharpe leader), SMA 크로스오버 (CAGR reference), Buy and hold.
0% -23% -45% -68% -90% 1989 1994 1999 2004 2009 2014 2019 2024 Buy and holdSMA 크로스오버ROC 모멘텀
ROC 모멘텀 maximum drawdown -90.4% (1999-12-30 → 2009-03-06), prior peak not yet recovered.

Rules of the top strategy

Rides the trend when recent return (momentum) over a window is above a threshold.

Method and caveats

Past performance does not guarantee future returns. Parameters were carried forward from the latest full optimization and replayed on this monthly dataset. 0.5% trading costs are included; taxes, slippage and rejected orders are not.
Re-optimize the same period and setupAll asset reports

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