Trend-Following Backtester · Guide · backtest 한국어

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Snam S.p.A. backtest

10 trend-following strategies were compared on the full daily history of Snam S.p.A.. 0 beat buy-and-hold CAGR; ADX / DI 방향성 ranks first by Sharpe, matching the main backtester.

Data 2001-12-06 ~ 2026-07-31daily bars 6,287 (24.6 years)Costs 0.5%Venue MILMonthly snapshot 2026-07-31

Results by strategy

0 of 10 beat buy and hold (CAGR 3.7%, drawdown -43.0%).

Sharpe leader (same as main): ADX / DI 방향성 — CAGR 0.3%, MDD -9.8%, Sharpe 0.17, 1% exposure.

CAGR reference leader: ROC 모멘텀 — CAGR 1.1%, MDD -44.6%, exposure 92%.

No strategy retained at least 75% of buy-and-hold CAGR while reducing drawdown by both 20% relatively and 5 percentage points absolutely.

The alternative must retain 75% of buy-and-hold CAGR, improve drawdown by at least 20% and 5 percentage points, and stay below 95% exposure; the ranking weights return retention 60% and drawdown improvement 40%.

Strategy · parametersCAGRMDDSharpeCalmarTotalTradesExposure
ADX / DI 방향성
period=36, threshold=36
0.3%-9.8%0.170.031.1x21%
ROC 모멘텀
n=78, threshold=-0.11
1.1%-44.6%0.150.021.3x5492%
EMA 크로스오버
fast=71, slow=250
1.1%-39.8%0.150.031.3x2362%
SMA 크로스오버
fast=76, slow=212
0.8%-48.3%0.130.021.2x3562%
볼린저 밴드 돌파
n=44, k=3.2
-0.1%-24.8%0.00-0.001.0x207%
Donchian 채널 돌파
entryN=103, exitN=26
-0.5%-53.2%-0.01-0.010.9x5829%
Supertrend
period=25, mult=5
-1.2%-61.1%-0.03-0.020.7x6854%
Keltner 채널 돌파
emaPeriod=50, atrPeriod=16, mult=4
-0.9%-42.8%-0.10-0.020.8x4013%
MACD
fast=22, slow=55, signal=26
-4.4%-74.1%-0.27-0.060.3x22052%
Parabolic SAR
step=0.005, maxStep=0.28
-5.2%-80.1%-0.31-0.070.3x21854%
Buy and hold3.7%-43.0%0.280.092.5x1100%
1x 2002 2006 2010 2014 2018 2022 2026 ROC 모멘텀ADX / DI 방향성Buy and hold
ADX / DI 방향성 (Sharpe leader), ROC 모멘텀 (CAGR reference), Buy and hold.
0% -11% -22% -33% -45% 2002 2006 2010 2014 2018 2022 2026 Buy and holdROC 모멘텀ADX / DI 방향성
ADX / DI 방향성 maximum drawdown -9.8% (2007-02-19 → 2007-03-05), prior peak not yet recovered.

Rules of the top strategy

Looks at both the direction and the strength of the trend; holds only in a strong uptrend.

Method and caveats

Past performance does not guarantee future returns. Parameters were selected on the same full-history sample using sharpe over 40 trials per strategy, so results contain in-sample bias. 0.5% trading costs are included; taxes, slippage and rejected orders are not.
Re-run the same setupAll asset reports

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