Trend-Following Backtester · Guide · backtest 한국어

equity · PL

PGE Polska Grupa Energetyczna S.A. backtest

10 trend-following strategies were compared on the full daily history of PGE Polska Grupa Energetyczna S.A.. 9 beat buy-and-hold CAGR; Keltner 채널 돌파 ranks first by Sharpe, matching the main backtester. The return/drawdown alternative is Keltner 채널 돌파 (CAGR 2.5%, MDD -14.8%).

Data 2009-12-15 ~ 2026-07-31daily bars 4,261 (16.6 years)Costs 0.5%Venue GPWMonthly snapshot 2026-07-31

Results by strategy

9 of 10 beat buy and hold (CAGR -5.3%, drawdown -89.1%).

Sharpe leader (same as main): Keltner 채널 돌파 — CAGR 2.5%, MDD -14.8%, Sharpe 0.36, 1% exposure.

Return/drawdown alternative: Keltner 채널 돌파 — CAGR is 7.8%p higher than buy and hold, while drawdown improves by 74.3%p (CAGR 2.5%, MDD -14.8%, exposure 1%).

The alternative must retain 75% of buy-and-hold CAGR, improve drawdown by at least 20% and 5 percentage points, and stay below 95% exposure; the ranking weights return retention 60% and drawdown improvement 40%.

Strategy · parametersCAGRMDDSharpeCalmarTotalTradesExposure
Keltner 채널 돌파
emaPeriod=11, atrPeriod=18, mult=3.8
2.5%-14.8%0.360.171.5x41%
볼린저 밴드 돌파
n=43, k=3.5
1.9%-20.1%0.220.091.4x84%
ADX / DI 방향성
period=37, threshold=18
1.7%-40.6%0.190.041.3x308%
ROC 모멘텀
n=51, threshold=0.14
1.7%-38.6%0.180.041.3x12216%
MACD
fast=11, slow=59, signal=21
0.0%-81.1%0.130.001.0x18950%
SMA 크로스오버
fast=24, slow=57
-1.7%-74.3%0.05-0.020.7x7847%
Parabolic SAR
step=0.005, maxStep=0.32
-4.1%-78.1%-0.03-0.050.5x13948%
Donchian 채널 돌파
entryN=119, exitN=6
-0.9%-36.3%-0.04-0.030.9x368%
Supertrend
period=28, mult=4.2
-4.4%-79.0%-0.05-0.060.5x7347%
EMA 크로스오버
fast=28, slow=155
-5.7%-68.9%-0.14-0.080.4x3840%
Buy and hold-5.3%-89.1%0.04-0.060.4x1100%
1x 2010 2013 2016 2019 2022 2025 Keltner 채널 돌파Buy and hold
Keltner 채널 돌파: Solid strategy line versus dashed buy-and-hold line. Log scale.
0% -22% -45% -67% -89% 2010 2013 2016 2019 2022 2025 Buy and holdKeltner 채널 돌파
Keltner 채널 돌파 maximum drawdown -14.8% (2020-06-12 → 2020-06-17), recovered after 320 days.

Rules of the top strategy

Breaking above the channel top (average plus a multiple of volatility) signals an upside breakout.

Method and caveats

Past performance does not guarantee future returns. Parameters were selected on the same full-history sample using sharpe over 40 trials per strategy, so results contain in-sample bias. 0.5% trading costs are included; taxes, slippage and rejected orders are not.
Re-run the same setupAll asset reports

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