Trend-Following Backtester · Guide · backtest 한국어

etf · US

iShares U.S. Pharmaceutical ETF backtest

10 trend-following strategies were compared on the full daily history of iShares U.S. Pharmaceutical ETF. 0 beat buy-and-hold CAGR; ROC 모멘텀 ranks first by Sharpe, matching the main backtester. Its 99% market exposure makes it hold-like.

Data 2006-05-05 ~ 2026-07-31daily bars 5,091 (20.2 years)Costs 0.5%Venue XASEMonthly snapshot 2026-07-31

Results by strategy

0 of 10 beat buy and hold (CAGR 9.3%, drawdown -39.6%).

Sharpe leader (same as main): ROC 모멘텀 — CAGR 8.0%, MDD -41.4%, Sharpe 0.53, 99% exposure. With at least 95% exposure, it should be treated as hold-like, not strong evidence of timing skill.

No strategy retained at least 75% of buy-and-hold CAGR while reducing drawdown by both 20% relatively and 5 percentage points absolutely.

The alternative must retain 75% of buy-and-hold CAGR, improve drawdown by at least 20% and 5 percentage points, and stay below 95% exposure; the ranking weights return retention 60% and drawdown improvement 40%.

Strategy · parametersCAGRMDDSharpeCalmarTotalTradesExposure
ROC 모멘텀
Hold-like · Exposure 99%
n=7, threshold=-0.09
8.0%-41.4%0.530.194.8x3599%
Donchian 채널 돌파
entryN=12, exitN=62
6.7%-39.7%0.500.173.7x5187%
EMA 크로스오버
fast=75, slow=174
5.3%-52.7%0.440.102.8x2167%
SMA 크로스오버
fast=18, slow=163
4.8%-43.1%0.430.112.6x5163%
볼린저 밴드 돌파
n=26, k=3.5
0.5%-4.6%0.290.111.1x21%
MACD
fast=22, slow=56, signal=29
1.6%-36.9%0.200.041.4x16154%
Supertrend
period=28, mult=4.9
1.2%-55.9%0.160.021.3x9363%
Keltner 채널 돌파
emaPeriod=51, atrPeriod=23, mult=2.3
1.0%-45.6%0.150.021.2x11545%
ADX / DI 방향성
period=48, threshold=22
0.3%-7.2%0.150.041.1x42%
Parabolic SAR
step=0.015, maxStep=0.38
-3.5%-58.6%-0.22-0.060.5x37957%
Buy and hold9.3%-39.6%0.570.236.0x1100%
1x 2007 2010 2013 2016 2019 2022 2025 ROC 모멘텀Buy and hold
ROC 모멘텀: Solid strategy line versus dashed buy-and-hold line. Log scale.
0% -10% -21% -31% -41% 2007 2010 2013 2016 2019 2022 2025 Buy and holdROC 모멘텀
ROC 모멘텀 maximum drawdown -41.4% (2015-07-16 → 2020-03-25), recovered after 3,331 days.

Rules of the top strategy

Rides the trend when recent return (momentum) over a window is above a threshold.

Method and caveats

Past performance does not guarantee future returns. Parameters were selected on the same full-history sample using sharpe over 40 trials per strategy, so results contain in-sample bias. 0.5% trading costs are included; taxes, slippage and rejected orders are not.
Re-run the same setupAll asset reports

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