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Invesco RAFI US 1000 ETF backtest

10 trend-following strategies were compared on the full daily history of Invesco RAFI US 1000 ETF. 0 beat buy-and-hold CAGR; EMA 크로스오버 ranks first by Sharpe, matching the main backtester. The return/drawdown alternative is EMA 크로스오버 (CAGR 7.7%, MDD -23.8%).

Data 2005-12-20 ~ 2026-07-31daily bars 5,184 (20.6 years)Costs 0.5%Venue XASEMonthly snapshot 2026-07-31

Results by strategy

0 of 10 beat buy and hold (CAGR 8.6%, drawdown -61.6%).

Sharpe leader (same as main): EMA 크로스오버 — CAGR 7.7%, MDD -23.8%, Sharpe 0.68, 74% exposure.

Return/drawdown alternative: EMA 크로스오버 — CAGR is 0.9%p lower than buy and hold, while drawdown improves by 37.8%p (CAGR 7.7%, MDD -23.8%, exposure 74%).

The alternative must retain 75% of buy-and-hold CAGR, improve drawdown by at least 20% and 5 percentage points, and stay below 95% exposure; the ranking weights return retention 60% and drawdown improvement 40%.

Strategy · parametersCAGRMDDSharpeCalmarTotalTradesExposure
EMA 크로스오버
fast=40, slow=121
7.7%-23.8%0.680.324.6x2974%
SMA 크로스오버
fast=17, slow=139
7.5%-27.8%0.680.274.4x4170%
Donchian 채널 돌파
entryN=55, exitN=78
7.2%-25.3%0.620.294.2x3175%
ROC 모멘텀
n=142, threshold=-0.03
6.5%-31.7%0.560.203.6x7978%
볼린저 밴드 돌파
n=48, k=2.8
1.1%-10.3%0.390.111.3x86%
Supertrend
period=15, mult=5
3.3%-26.5%0.360.132.0x8158%
Parabolic SAR
step=0.005, maxStep=0.02
3.4%-36.1%0.330.092.0x10769%
ADX / DI 방향성
period=27, threshold=23
0.8%-9.3%0.220.081.2x247%
Keltner 채널 돌파
emaPeriod=42, atrPeriod=16, mult=1.4
1.4%-27.2%0.190.051.3x17555%
MACD
fast=15, slow=18, signal=22
-2.5%-45.8%-0.14-0.050.6x32251%
Buy and hold8.6%-61.6%0.520.145.5x1100%
1x 2006 2009 2012 2015 2018 2021 2024 EMA 크로스오버Buy and hold
EMA 크로스오버: Solid strategy line versus dashed buy-and-hold line. Log scale.
0% -15% -31% -46% -62% 2006 2009 2012 2015 2018 2021 2024 Buy and holdEMA 크로스오버
EMA 크로스오버 maximum drawdown -23.8% (2020-02-12 → 2020-09-23), recovered after 378 days.

Rules of the top strategy

Uses two exponential averages (more weight on recent prices) and trades their crossover.

Method and caveats

Past performance does not guarantee future returns. Parameters were selected on the same full-history sample using sharpe over 40 trials per strategy, so results contain in-sample bias. 0.5% trading costs are included; taxes, slippage and rejected orders are not.
Re-run the same setupAll asset reports

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