Trend-Following Backtester · Guide · backtest 한국어

etf · US

Schwab U.S. Large-Cap ETF backtest

10 trend-following strategies were compared on the full daily history of Schwab U.S. Large-Cap ETF. 0 beat buy-and-hold CAGR; SMA 크로스오버 ranks first by Sharpe, matching the main backtester.

Data 2009-11-03 ~ 2026-07-31daily bars 4,210 (16.7 years)Costs 0.5%Venue XASEMonthly snapshot 2026-07-31

Results by strategy

0 of 10 beat buy and hold (CAGR 12.5%, drawdown -34.3%).

Sharpe leader (same as main): SMA 크로스오버 — CAGR 8.1%, MDD -22.9%, Sharpe 0.73, 78% exposure.

CAGR reference leader: ROC 모멘텀 — CAGR 9.3%, MDD -34.7%, exposure 98%. It is hold-like at 95%+ exposure and is not used as the featured strategy.

No strategy retained at least 75% of buy-and-hold CAGR while reducing drawdown by both 20% relatively and 5 percentage points absolutely.

The alternative must retain 75% of buy-and-hold CAGR, improve drawdown by at least 20% and 5 percentage points, and stay below 95% exposure; the ranking weights return retention 60% and drawdown improvement 40%.

Strategy · parametersCAGRMDDSharpeCalmarTotalTradesExposure
SMA 크로스오버
fast=14, slow=182
8.1%-22.9%0.730.363.7x2578%
Donchian 채널 돌파
entryN=94, exitN=60
7.4%-15.9%0.710.463.3x2772%
EMA 크로스오버
fast=40, slow=145
8.2%-27.1%0.690.303.8x1980%
ROC 모멘텀
Hold-like · Exposure 98%
n=8, threshold=-0.07
9.3%-34.7%0.650.274.4x5398%
Supertrend
period=23, mult=4.9
5.8%-24.2%0.570.242.6x6371%
Parabolic SAR
step=0.005, maxStep=0.22
3.6%-27.2%0.380.131.8x15967%
Keltner 채널 돌파
emaPeriod=59, atrPeriod=25, mult=3.7
0.8%-26.0%0.150.031.2x6039%
볼린저 밴드 돌파
n=57, k=1.4
0.5%-28.9%0.100.021.1x10256%
MACD
fast=10, slow=51, signal=23
-0.2%-35.1%0.02-0.011.0x22053%
ADX / DI 방향성
period=36, threshold=23
-0.3%-9.8%-0.17-0.031.0x41%
Buy and hold12.5%-34.3%0.770.367.2x1100%
1x 2010 2013 2016 2019 2022 2025 ROC 모멘텀SMA 크로스오버Buy and hold
SMA 크로스오버 (Sharpe leader), ROC 모멘텀 (CAGR reference), Buy and hold.
0% -9% -17% -26% -35% 2010 2013 2016 2019 2022 2025 Buy and holdROC 모멘텀SMA 크로스오버
SMA 크로스오버 maximum drawdown -22.9% (2020-02-19 → 2020-06-26), recovered after 336 days.

Rules of the top strategy

When the short average rises above the long average, it reads that as an uptrend starting.

Method and caveats

Past performance does not guarantee future returns. Parameters were selected on the same full-history sample using sharpe over 40 trials per strategy, so results contain in-sample bias. 0.5% trading costs are included; taxes, slippage and rejected orders are not.
Re-run the same setupAll asset reports

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