Trend-Following Backtester · Guide · backtest 한국어

equity · US

GPGI, Inc. backtest

10 trend-following strategies were compared on the full daily history of GPGI, Inc.. 8 beat buy-and-hold CAGR; 볼린저 밴드 돌파 ranks first by Sharpe, matching the main backtester. The return/drawdown alternative is 볼린저 밴드 돌파 (CAGR 15.4%, MDD -14.5%).

Data 2020-11-19 ~ 2026-07-31daily bars 1,429 (5.7 years)Costs 0.5%Venue XNYSMonthly snapshot 2026-07-31

Results by strategy

8 of 10 beat buy and hold (CAGR 8.6%, drawdown -59.1%).

Sharpe leader (same as main): 볼린저 밴드 돌파 — CAGR 15.4%, MDD -14.5%, Sharpe 1.10, 12% exposure.

CAGR reference leader: ADX / DI 방향성 — CAGR 28.0%, MDD -29.2%, exposure 41%.

Return/drawdown alternative: 볼린저 밴드 돌파 — CAGR is 6.8%p higher than buy and hold, while drawdown improves by 44.6%p (CAGR 15.4%, MDD -14.5%, exposure 12%).

The alternative must retain 75% of buy-and-hold CAGR, improve drawdown by at least 20% and 5 percentage points, and stay below 95% exposure; the ranking weights return retention 60% and drawdown improvement 40%.

Strategy · parametersCAGRMDDSharpeCalmarTotalTradesExposure
볼린저 밴드 돌파
n=16, k=2.8
15.4%-14.5%1.101.062.3x1412%
Keltner 채널 돌파
emaPeriod=56, atrPeriod=18, mult=2.8
26.1%-19.8%1.021.323.7x1029%
ADX / DI 방향성
period=52, threshold=10
28.0%-29.2%0.970.964.1x1641%
SMA 크로스오버
fast=4, slow=137
27.0%-24.5%0.951.103.9x1247%
EMA 크로스오버
fast=6, slow=125
26.7%-25.3%0.941.063.9x1450%
ROC 모멘텀
n=106, threshold=0.03
23.3%-22.9%0.861.023.3x1040%
Donchian 채널 돌파
entryN=49, exitN=63
19.7%-36.6%0.730.542.8x853%
Supertrend
period=10, mult=3.2
13.9%-31.5%0.580.442.1x2642%
MACD
fast=19, slow=23, signal=13
-4.9%-60.6%0.00-0.080.8x8446%
Parabolic SAR
step=0.025, maxStep=0.26
-8.7%-68.5%-0.09-0.130.6x14449%
Buy and hold8.6%-59.1%0.410.151.6x1100%
1x 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 ADX / DI 방향성볼린저 밴드 돌파Buy and hold
볼린저 밴드 돌파 (Sharpe leader), ADX / DI 방향성 (CAGR reference), Buy and hold.
0% -15% -30% -44% -59% 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 Buy and holdADX / DI 방향성볼린저 밴드 돌파
볼린저 밴드 돌파 maximum drawdown -14.5% (2026-07-06 → 2026-07-09), prior peak not yet recovered.

Rules of the top strategy

Breaking above the upper band (average plus a multiple of volatility) signals a strong move up.

Method and caveats

Past performance does not guarantee future returns. Parameters were carried forward from the latest full optimization and replayed on this monthly dataset. 0.5% trading costs are included; taxes, slippage and rejected orders are not.
Re-optimize the same period and setupAll asset reports

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