Trend-Following Backtester · Guide · backtest 한국어

equity · US

Valero Energy Corporation backtest

10 trend-following strategies were compared on the full daily history of Valero Energy Corporation. 1 beat buy-and-hold CAGR; ROC 모멘텀 ranks first by Sharpe, matching the main backtester. The return/drawdown alternative is SMA 크로스오버 (CAGR 9.3%, MDD -53.2%).

Data 1982-01-04 ~ 2026-07-31daily bars 11,234 (44.6 years)Costs 0.5%Venue XNYSMonthly snapshot 2026-07-31

Results by strategy

1 of 10 beat buy and hold (CAGR 9.5%, drawdown -87.5%).

Sharpe leader (same as main): ROC 모멘텀 — CAGR 10.0%, MDD -57.3%, Sharpe 0.47, 64% exposure.

Return/drawdown alternative: SMA 크로스오버 — CAGR is 0.5%p higher than buy and hold, while drawdown improves by 30.2%p (CAGR 9.3%, MDD -53.2%, exposure 57%).

The alternative must retain 75% of buy-and-hold CAGR, improve drawdown by at least 20% and 5 percentage points, and stay below 95% exposure; the ranking weights return retention 60% and drawdown improvement 40%.

Strategy · parametersCAGRMDDSharpeCalmarTotalTradesExposure
ROC 모멘텀
n=128, threshold=-0.03
10.0%-57.3%0.470.1768.8x33964%
SMA 크로스오버
fast=16, slow=130
9.3%-53.2%0.460.1752.9x13757%
Donchian 채널 돌파
entryN=95, exitN=51
8.4%-50.9%0.450.1736.8x8145%
EMA 크로스오버
fast=23, slow=138
8.4%-61.0%0.430.1436.4x10958%
MACD
fast=19, slow=69, signal=10
8.4%-67.8%0.420.1235.9x52752%
Parabolic SAR
step=0.005, maxStep=0.08
7.3%-72.0%0.390.1023.1x36753%
볼린저 밴드 돌파
n=33, k=1.9
6.2%-71.1%0.370.0914.8x29137%
Keltner 채널 돌파
emaPeriod=30, atrPeriod=27, mult=2.3
5.4%-63.4%0.350.0810.4x25132%
Supertrend
period=10, mult=2.9
5.8%-73.1%0.340.0812.5x35554%
ADX / DI 방향성
period=34, threshold=15
3.4%-64.4%0.260.054.5x21930%
Buy and hold9.5%-87.5%0.430.1156.5x1100%
1x 10x 1983 1989 1995 2001 2007 2013 2019 2025 ROC 모멘텀Buy and hold
ROC 모멘텀: Solid strategy line versus dashed buy-and-hold line. Log scale.
0% -22% -44% -66% -88% 1983 1989 1995 2001 2007 2013 2019 2025 Buy and holdROC 모멘텀
ROC 모멘텀 maximum drawdown -57.3% (1992-02-21 → 2000-02-15), recovered after 4,611 days.

Rules of the top strategy

Rides the trend when recent return (momentum) over a window is above a threshold.

Method and caveats

Past performance does not guarantee future returns. Parameters were carried forward from the latest full optimization and replayed on this monthly dataset. 0.5% trading costs are included; taxes, slippage and rejected orders are not.
Re-optimize the same period and setupAll asset reports

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