Trend-Following Backtester · Guide · Assets 한국어

Assets

Bitcoin backtest

The largest crypto asset by market cap. Its moves are violent and its trends run long, which makes it the textbook proving ground for trend following.

Data 2017-09-25 ~ 2026-07-30 Daily bars 3,215 (8.8y) Costs 0.5%Venue Upbit (KRW)

Results by strategy

10 of 10 beat buy and hold (CAGR 41.2%, drawdown -86.8%). Sorted by CAGR.

Strategy · parametersCAGRMax drawdown SharpeCalmarTotal return TradesTime in market
Bollinger band breakout
n=36, k=1.4
84.6%-36.6% 1.742.32226.6x 6242%
SMA crossover
fast=2, slow=35
78.2%-50.5% 1.551.55165.7x 14852%
Keltner channel breakout
emaPeriod=33, atrPeriod=22, mult=1.9
74.6%-40.8% 1.631.83138.0x 5836%
Supertrend
period=6, mult=2.1
72.6%-40.2% 1.491.81124.6x 11449%
EMA crossover
fast=3, slow=25
70.7%-57.6% 1.461.23113.1x 15651%
ROC momentum
n=32, threshold=0.07
70.6%-63.2% 1.531.12112.6x 13238%
Parabolic SAR
step=0.01, maxStep=0.3
66.8%-44.1% 1.411.5192.4x 15951%
ADX / DI directional
period=24, threshold=10
63.7%-52.2% 1.401.2278.3x 13047%
Donchian channel breakout
entryN=43, exitN=8
60.5%-37.6% 1.481.6165.7x 5430%
MACD
fast=7, slow=30, signal=17
54.9%-60.3% 1.240.9148.0x 19052%
Buy & hold41.2%-86.8% 0.870.4721.1x 1100%
1x 10x 100x 2018 2020 2022 2024 2026 Bollinger band breakoutBuy & hold
Bollinger band breakout (solid) vs buy and hold (dashed). Log scale.
Parameters were optimized over the full history. The same data chose them and scored them, so these run above live results. With two or three parameters the distortion is bounded, but read them as a relative ranking, not a return target. Settings match the backtester's defaults (0.5% costs, Sharpe objective, 120 trials). More in optimization and overfitting.

The rules, strategy by strategy

Bollinger band breakout

Breaking above the upper band (average plus a multiple of volatility) signals a strong move up.

CAGR
84.6%
Max drawdown
-36.6%
Sharpe
1.74
Trades
62
Time in market
42%
Win rate
54%

SMA crossover

When the short average rises above the long average, it reads that as an uptrend starting.

CAGR
78.2%
Max drawdown
-50.5%
Sharpe
1.55
Trades
148
Time in market
52%
Win rate
52%

Keltner channel breakout

Breaking above the channel top (average plus a multiple of volatility) signals an upside breakout.

CAGR
74.6%
Max drawdown
-40.8%
Sharpe
1.63
Trades
58
Time in market
36%
Win rate
54%

Supertrend

Trades the direction of a volatility-based trend line that trails below/above price.

CAGR
72.6%
Max drawdown
-40.2%
Sharpe
1.49
Trades
114
Time in market
49%
Win rate
52%

EMA crossover

Uses two exponential averages (more weight on recent prices) and trades their crossover.

CAGR
70.7%
Max drawdown
-57.6%
Sharpe
1.46
Trades
156
Time in market
51%
Win rate
52%

ROC momentum

Rides the trend when recent return (momentum) over a window is above a threshold.

CAGR
70.6%
Max drawdown
-63.2%
Sharpe
1.53
Trades
132
Time in market
38%
Win rate
52%

Parabolic SAR

Trades around the Parabolic SAR dots that accelerate toward price.

CAGR
66.8%
Max drawdown
-44.1%
Sharpe
1.41
Trades
159
Time in market
51%
Win rate
51%

ADX / DI directional

Looks at both the direction and the strength of the trend; holds only in a strong uptrend.

CAGR
63.7%
Max drawdown
-52.2%
Sharpe
1.40
Trades
130
Time in market
47%
Win rate
52%

Donchian channel breakout

A new high means a trend starting; a new low means it’s over (turtle-trading style).

CAGR
60.5%
Max drawdown
-37.6%
Sharpe
1.48
Trades
54
Time in market
30%
Win rate
54%

MACD

Looks at the gap (MACD) between a short and long average crossing its own signal line.

CAGR
54.9%
Max drawdown
-60.3%
Sharpe
1.24
Trades
190
Time in market
52%
Win rate
49%
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