Trend-Following Backtester · Guide · backtest 한국어

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PharmaNutra S.p.A. backtest

10 trend-following strategies were compared on the full daily history of PharmaNutra S.p.A.. 1 beat buy-and-hold CAGR; Donchian 채널 돌파 ranks first by Sharpe, matching the main backtester. The return/drawdown alternative is Supertrend (CAGR 20.4%, MDD -23.8%).

Data 2017-07-18 ~ 2026-07-31daily bars 2,294 (9.0 years)Costs 0.5%Venue MILMonthly snapshot 2026-07-31

Results by strategy

1 of 10 beat buy and hold (CAGR 21.7%, drawdown -50.4%).

Sharpe leader (same as main): Donchian 채널 돌파 — CAGR 25.1%, MDD -30.7%, Sharpe 1.14, 56% exposure.

Return/drawdown alternative: Supertrend — CAGR is 3.3%p higher than buy and hold, while drawdown improves by 19.8%p (CAGR 20.4%, MDD -23.8%, exposure 59%).

The alternative must retain 75% of buy-and-hold CAGR, improve drawdown by at least 20% and 5 percentage points, and stay below 95% exposure; the ranking weights return retention 60% and drawdown improvement 40%.

Strategy · parametersCAGRMDDSharpeCalmarTotalTradesExposure
Donchian 채널 돌파
entryN=42, exitN=28
25.1%-30.7%1.140.827.5x1656%
볼린저 밴드 돌파
n=72, k=2.3
19.8%-23.1%1.060.855.1x2040%
Keltner 채널 돌파
emaPeriod=76, atrPeriod=24, mult=1.2
19.8%-28.3%0.980.705.1x3654%
Supertrend
period=22, mult=2.4
20.4%-23.8%0.970.865.4x5059%
EMA 크로스오버
fast=21, slow=84
18.9%-38.9%0.910.494.8x2361%
SMA 크로스오버
fast=73, slow=210
19.5%-45.5%0.890.435.0x961%
ADX / DI 방향성
period=19, threshold=31
11.7%-20.0%0.880.592.7x3019%
ROC 모멘텀
n=75, threshold=-0.04
16.5%-45.6%0.760.364.0x8171%
Parabolic SAR
step=0.005, maxStep=0.28
14.1%-37.2%0.720.383.3x6656%
MACD
fast=12, slow=55, signal=8
5.4%-31.0%0.380.181.6x15445%
Buy and hold21.7%-50.4%0.820.435.9x1100%
1x 2018 2020 2022 2024 2026 Donchian 채널 돌파Buy and hold
Donchian 채널 돌파: Solid strategy line versus dashed buy-and-hold line. Log scale.
0% -13% -25% -38% -50% 2018 2020 2022 2024 2026 Buy and holdDonchian 채널 돌파
Donchian 채널 돌파 maximum drawdown -30.7% (2024-09-13 → 2025-11-06), recovered after 493 days.

Rules of the top strategy

A new high means a trend starting; a new low means it’s over (turtle-trading style).

Method and caveats

Past performance does not guarantee future returns. Parameters were selected on the same full-history sample using sharpe over 40 trials per strategy, so results contain in-sample bias. 0.5% trading costs are included; taxes, slippage and rejected orders are not.
Re-run the same setupAll asset reports

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