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Trend-Following Backtester · Guide · backtest 한국어

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VanEck Pharmaceutical ETF backtest

10 trend-following strategies were compared on the full daily history of VanEck Pharmaceutical ETF. 0 beat buy-and-hold CAGR; ROC 모멘텀 ranks first by Sharpe, matching the main backtester. Its 99% market exposure makes it hold-like.

Data 2000-02-01 ~ 2026-07-31daily bars 6,664 (26.5 years)Costs 0.5%Venue XNASMonthly snapshot 2026-07-31

Results by strategy

0 of 10 beat buy and hold (CAGR 3.4%, drawdown -56.6%).

Sharpe leader (same as main): ROC 모멘텀 — CAGR 3.0%, MDD -57.6%, Sharpe 0.26, 99% exposure. With at least 95% exposure, it should be treated as hold-like, not strong evidence of timing skill.

No strategy retained at least 75% of buy-and-hold CAGR while reducing drawdown by both 20% relatively and 5 percentage points absolutely.

The alternative must retain 75% of buy-and-hold CAGR, improve drawdown by at least 20% and 5 percentage points, and stay below 95% exposure; the ranking weights return retention 60% and drawdown improvement 40%.

Strategy · parametersCAGRMDDSharpeCalmarTotalTradesExposure
ROC 모멘텀
Hold-like · Exposure 99%
n=13, threshold=-0.11
3.0%-57.6%0.260.052.2x3999%
Donchian 채널 돌파
entryN=8, exitN=86
1.5%-51.8%0.180.031.5x6991%
SMA 크로스오버
fast=50, slow=175
1.3%-44.9%0.160.031.4x3959%
EMA 크로스오버
fast=39, slow=158
0.3%-46.6%0.080.011.1x4959%
Supertrend
period=25, mult=4.5
-0.3%-51.4%0.03-0.010.9x12158%
MACD
fast=21, slow=69, signal=31
-0.8%-39.3%-0.02-0.020.8x20952%
ADX / DI 방향성
period=36, threshold=26
-0.0%-5.1%-0.02-0.011.0x41%
볼린저 밴드 돌파
n=62, k=2.2
-0.4%-24.5%-0.03-0.020.9x6925%
Keltner 채널 돌파
emaPeriod=53, atrPeriod=25, mult=3.3
-0.9%-33.5%-0.09-0.030.8x8930%
Parabolic SAR
step=0.005, maxStep=0.38
-2.6%-70.0%-0.16-0.040.5x23958%
Buy and hold3.4%-56.6%0.270.062.4x1100%
1x 2001 2005 2009 2013 2017 2021 2025 ROC 모멘텀Buy and hold
ROC 모멘텀: Solid strategy line versus dashed buy-and-hold line. Log scale.
0% -14% -29% -43% -58% 2001 2005 2009 2013 2017 2021 2025 Buy and holdROC 모멘텀
ROC 모멘텀 maximum drawdown -57.6% (2000-12-28 → 2009-02-27), recovered after 5,010 days.

Rules of the top strategy

Rides the trend when recent return (momentum) over a window is above a threshold.

Method and caveats

Past performance does not guarantee future returns. Parameters were selected on the same full-history sample using sharpe over 40 trials per strategy, so results contain in-sample bias. 0.5% trading costs are included; taxes, slippage and rejected orders are not.
Re-run the same setupMore US assetsAll asset reports

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