Trend-Following Backtester · Guide · backtest 한국어

etf · US

Pimco Corporate & Income Opportunity Fund backtest

10 trend-following strategies were compared on the full daily history of Pimco Corporate & Income Opportunity Fund. 5 beat buy-and-hold CAGR; ROC 모멘텀 ranks first by Sharpe, matching the main backtester. The return/drawdown alternative is ADX / DI 방향성 (CAGR -0.1%, MDD -4.7%).

Data 2002-12-26 ~ 2026-07-31daily bars 5,936 (23.6 years)Costs 0.5%Venue XNYSMonthly snapshot 2026-07-31

Results by strategy

5 of 10 beat buy and hold (CAGR -1.1%, drawdown -69.7%).

Sharpe leader (same as main): ROC 모멘텀 — CAGR 1.0%, MDD -16.6%, Sharpe 0.24, 1% exposure.

Return/drawdown alternative: ADX / DI 방향성 — CAGR is 2.1%p higher than buy and hold, while drawdown improves by 53.0%p (CAGR -0.1%, MDD -4.7%, exposure 1%).

The alternative must retain 75% of buy-and-hold CAGR, improve drawdown by at least 20% and 5 percentage points, and stay below 95% exposure; the ranking weights return retention 60% and drawdown improvement 40%.

Strategy · parametersCAGRMDDSharpeCalmarTotalTradesExposure
ROC 모멘텀
n=12, threshold=0.14
1.0%-16.6%0.240.061.3x241%
EMA 크로스오버
fast=13, slow=189
-0.3%-39.2%0.04-0.010.9x6052%
SMA 크로스오버
fast=19, slow=175
-0.4%-39.2%0.03-0.010.9x5854%
Supertrend
period=11, mult=4
-1.6%-52.7%-0.08-0.030.7x10447%
Donchian 채널 돌파
entryN=13, exitN=19
-2.2%-59.3%-0.09-0.040.6x15464%
ADX / DI 방향성
period=37, threshold=25
-0.1%-4.7%-0.10-0.021.0x21%
볼린저 밴드 돌파
n=42, k=3.1
-0.4%-14.0%-0.14-0.030.9x82%
Keltner 채널 돌파
emaPeriod=47, atrPeriod=15, mult=2.2
-2.2%-59.9%-0.18-0.040.6x11432%
Parabolic SAR
step=0.005, maxStep=0.24
-4.4%-69.5%-0.28-0.060.3x18454%
MACD
fast=17, slow=46, signal=11
-4.9%-74.3%-0.31-0.070.3x32853%
Buy and hold-1.1%-69.7%0.07-0.020.8x1100%
1x 2003 2006 2009 2012 2015 2018 2021 2024 ROC 모멘텀Buy and hold
ROC 모멘텀: Solid strategy line versus dashed buy-and-hold line. Log scale.
0% -17% -35% -52% -70% 2003 2006 2009 2012 2015 2018 2021 2024 Buy and holdROC 모멘텀
ROC 모멘텀 maximum drawdown -16.6% (2009-03-27 → 2019-01-15), prior peak not yet recovered.

Rules of the top strategy

Rides the trend when recent return (momentum) over a window is above a threshold.

Method and caveats

Past performance does not guarantee future returns. Parameters were selected on the same full-history sample using sharpe over 40 trials per strategy, so results contain in-sample bias. 0.5% trading costs are included; taxes, slippage and rejected orders are not.
Re-run the same setupAll asset reports

Read next